Microphysical process of precipitating hydrometeors from warm-front mid-level stratiform clouds revealed by ground-based lidar observations

نویسندگان

چکیده

Abstract. Mid-level stratiform precipitations during the passage of warm fronts were detailedly observed on two occasions (light and moderate rain) by a 355 nm polarization lidar water vapor Raman lidar, both equipped with waterproof transparent roof windows. The hours-long precipitation streaks shown in signal (X) volume depolarization ratio (δv) reveal some ubiquitous features microphysical process precipitating hydrometeors. We find that for light-rain case reaches surface begins as ice-phase-dominant hydrometeors fall out shallow liquid cloud layer at altitudes above 0 ∘C isotherm level, magnitude falling increases from liquid-water values (δv<0.09) to ice/snow (δv>0.20) first 100–200 m their descent. Subsequently, yield dense an bright band occurring below (separated dark band) result crossing level. might be manifestation local hydrometeor accumulation. Most raindrops shrink or vanish due evaporation, whereas few large layer. also prominent δv peak (0.10–0.40) always occurs altitude approximately 0.6 km when surface, reflecting collision–coalescence growth subsequent spontaneous breakup. (at ice-bright-band below) rain resembles case, but more large-sized are involved.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['1680-7316', '1680-7324']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17649-2021